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1252

EVENTS

Europe

May 15 - Pope Innocent IV issues the Papal Bull '' Ad Exstirpanda '', which authorizes the Torture of Heretics in the Medieval Inquisition . Torture quickly gains widespread usage across Catholic Europe .

The first European Gold Coins are minted in the Italian city of Florence , and are known as Florin s.

The Polish Land Of Lebus is incorporated into German state of Brandenburg , marking the start of Brandenburg 's expansion into previously Polish areas ( Neumark ).

The Swedish city of Stockholm is founded by Birger Jarl .

The Lithuania n city of Klaipeda is founded by the Teutonic Knights .

The town and monastery of Orval in Belgium burn to the ground; rebuilding takes 100 years.

Thomas Aquinas travels to the University Of Paris to begin his studies there for a Masters Degree .

In Astronomy , work begins on the recording of the Alfonsine Tables .

Asia

The Classic Japanese Text '' Jikkunsho '' is completed.

The Chinese Era ''Chunyou'' ends.

BIRTHS

March 25 - Conradin , Duke of Swabia (d. 1268 )

Safi Al-Din , Persian Sufi leader

Amadeus V Of Savoy (died 1323 )

Eleanor De Montfort , princess of Wales (died 1282 )

DEATHS

March 6 - Saint Rose Of Viterbo , Italian saint (born 1235 )

May 30 - King Ferdinand III Of Castile and Leon

June 29 - King Abel Of Denmark (born 1218 )

November 26 - Blanche Of Castile , queen of Louis VIII Of France (born 1188 )

Queen Isabella Of Armenia

Sorghaghtani Beki , Mongolian empress

Giovanni Da Pian Del Carpini , Italian chronicler of the Mongol Empire

Theobald IV Of Champagne (born 1201 )

SEE ALSO

List Of State Leaders In 1252