| Hashim Ibn Abd Al-manaf |
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His real name was Amr, but he was given the nickname ''Hashim'' which translates as ''pulverizer'' in Arabic - because he initiated the practice of providing crumbled Bread in Broth for the Pilgrim s to the Kaaba in Mecca . According to tradition, he was a descendant of Ishmael and thus Ibrahim . He married Salma Bint Amr , a woman of Madina . He is said to have died while doing business in Gaza , Palestine in 497 . His grave is preserved, and Gaza is also called ''Ghazzah Hashim'' or Hashim's Gaza. He is credited with initiating Trade caravans of the Quraish after obtaining an edict from the Byzantine emperor, exempting Quraish from duties or taxes when operating in the countries under his domain. He obtained the same concession from the emperor of Ethiopia . Thus, the Quraish engaged in trade in Yemen , Syria and Ankara which allowed them to flurish economically. His father was Abd Al-Manaf Ibn Qusai and he had two brothers we are aware of, the elder Abd Shams Ibn Al-Manaf and a younger brother Muttalib Ibn Abd Al-Manaf who would become his successor. According to Ibn Hisham , his sons are:
and his daughters are:
He is believed to be a Hanif by Shia Muslims. FUTHER READING
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