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The first purpose of the encyclical was to commemorate the fiftieth anniversary of the issuing of '' Providentissimus Deus '' by Pope Leo XIII in 1893 . In the encyclical, however, Pius XII noted that since then, much had changed in Archeology and historical research, and that these changes forced the Catholic Church to further define the study of the Bible .

Previously, Catholic scholars used the original texts of the Bible only to clarify portions of the Latin Vulgate ; Pius XII, however, encouraged scholars to use the original Hebrew and Greek texts because it ". . . having been written by the inspired author himself, has more authority and greater weight than any of even the very best translations, ancient or modern." (''Divino Afflante Spiritu'', 16).


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