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(''' MCMXXXIV ''') was a Common Year Starting On Monday (link will take you to calendar).
- November 13 - Italian government decrees that teachers must use a military or party uniform in a class
- November 21 - MCC makes an ultimately controversial decision to alter the Lbw rule so a batsman can be lbw to a ball pitching outside off stump. The change is later blamed for many problems developing during the 1950s - primarily negative bowling outside leg stump to a field of short-leg fieldsmen.
- November 23 - An Anglo-Ethiopian boundary commission in the Ogaden discovers an Italian garrison at Walwal , which lay well within Ethiopia n territory. This encounter leads to the Abyssinia Crisis .
- February 5 - Hank Aaron , American baseball player
- February 7 - Earl King , American musician (d. 2003 )
- February 10 - Fleur Adcock , New Zealand poet
- February 11 - Tina Louise , American actress
- February 11 - Mary Quant , British fashion designer
- February 11 - John Surtees , British race car driver
- February 12 - Bill Russell , American basketball player
- February 13 - George Segal , American actor
- February 14 - Michel Corboz , Swiss conductor
- February 14 - Florence Henderson , American television actress
- February 15 - Niklaus Wirth , Swiss computer scientist
- February 17 - Alan Bates , British actor (d. 2003 )
- February 17 - Barry Humphries , Australian actor and comedian
- February 20 - Bobby Unser , American race car driver
- February 21 - Rue McClanahan , American actress
- February 22 - Sparky Anderson , American baseball manager
- February 24 - Bettino Craxi , Prime Minister Of Italy (d. 2000 )
- February 24 - Renata Scotto , Italian soprano
- February 27 - Ralph Nader , American consumer activist
- March 1 - Jean-Michel Folon , Belgian sculptor (d. 2005 )
- March 1 - Joan Hackett , American actress (d. 1983 )
- March 4 - Janez Strnad , Slovenian physicist
- March 5 - Daniel Kahneman , Israeli economist, Nobel Prize laureate
- March 7 - Willard Scott , American television broadcaster
- March 9 - Yuri Gagarin , Russian cosmonaut (d. 1968 )
- March 9 - Del Close , American actor, improviser, writer, and teacher (d. 1999 )
- March 11 - Sam Donaldson , American reporter
- March 13 - Barry Hughart , American author
- March 14 - Paul Rader , the 15th General of The Salvation Army
- March 16 - Ray Hnatyshyn , Canadian Governor-General (d. 2002 )
- March 20 - Willie Brown , Mayor of San Francisco, California
- March 22 - Orrin Hatch , U.S. Senator from Utah
- March 26 - Alan Arkin , American actor
- March 31 - Shirley Jones , American singer and actress
- March 31 - Carlo Rubbia , Italian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
- May 3 - Henry Cooper , British boxer
- May 9 - Alan Bennett , British actor and writer
- May 13 - Leon Wagner , American baseball player (d. 2004 )
- May 14 - Siân Phillips , Welsh actress
- May 19 - Jim Lehrer , American television journalist
- May 21 - Bengt I. Samuelsson , Swedish biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize In Physiology Or Medicine
- May 22 - Peter Nero , American pianist
- May 23 - Robert Moog , American inventor of the synthesizer
- May 24 - Dr Barry Rose , British choir-trainer and organist
- May 27 - Harlan Ellison , American writer
- May 28 - Dionne Quintuplets , world's first surviving quintuplets
- May 30 - Aleksei Leonov , Russian cosmonaut
- August 2 - Valery Bykovsky , Russian cosmonaut
- August 4 - Dallas Green , American baseball manager and executive
- August 15 - Nino Ferrer , French singer (d. 1998 )
- August 18 - Vincent Bugliosi , American prosecutor and author
- August 18 - Roberto Clemente , Puerto Rican Major League Baseball player (d. 1972 )
- August 19 - Renee Richards , American transsexual physician and tennis player
- August 22 - Norman Schwarzkopf , American general who led Coalition troops during '' Operation Desert Storm ''
- August 23 - Sonny Jurgensen , American football player, quarterback for the Philadelphia Eagles and Washington Redskins
- August 26 - Tom Heinsohn , American baseketball player, coach and broadcaster for the Boston Celtics
- August 30 - Anatoli Solonitsyn , Russian actor (d. 1982 )
- September 2 - Dominic Chianese , American actor
- September 4 - Clive Granger , Welsh-born economist, Nobel Prize laureate
- September 7 - Little Milton , American musician
- September 8 - Peter Maxwell Davies , English composer
- September 10 - Charles Kuralt , American journalist (d. 1997 )
- September 17 - Maureen Connolly , American tennis player (d. 1969 )
- September 19 - Brian Epstein , Jewish-English Businessman, Manager of The Beatles (d. 1967 )
- September 20 - Sophia Loren , Italian actress
- December 2 - Andre Rodgers , American baseball player (d. 2004 )
- December 3 - Viktor Gorbatko , Russian cosmonaut
- December 4 - Wink Martindale , American game show host and disc jockey
- December 9 - Judi Dench , British actress
- December 9 - Junior Wells , American harmonica player (d. 1998 )
- December 10 - Howard Martin Temin , American geneticist, recipient of the Nobel Prize In Physiology Or Medicine (d. 1994 )
- December 16 - Elgin Baylor , American basketball player
- December 18 - Boris Volynov , Russian cosmonaut
- December 19 - Al Kaline , American baseball player
- December 27 - Larissa Latynina , Russian gymnast
- December 28 - Maggie Smith , British actress
- December 28 - Yujiro Ishihara , Japanese actor (d. 1987 )
- December 30 - Joseph P. Hoar , U.S. Marine commander
- December 30 - John Norris Bahcall , American astrophysicist (d. 2005 )
- December 30 - Del Shannon , American singer (d. 1990 )
- January 6 - Herbert Chapman , English Football (soccer) manager (b. 1878 )
- January 10 - Marinus Van Der Lubbe , Dutch communist accused of setting fire to the Reichstag (executed) (b. 1909 )
- January 29 - Fritz Haber , German chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1868 )
- February 17 - Albert I Of Belgium (b. 1875 )
- February 23 - Edward Elgar , English composer (b. 1857 )
- March 15 - Davidson Black , Canadian-born paleoanthropologist (b. 1884 )
- March 29 - Otto Hermann Kahn , German-born philanthropist (b. 1867 )
- May 23 - Clyde Barrow , American outlaw (shot) (b. 1909 )
- May 23 - Bonnie Parker , American outlaw (shot) (b. 1910 )
- May 25 - Gustav Holst , English composer (b. 1874 )
- May 30 - Togo Heihachiro , Japanese admiral (b. 1848 )
- June 10 - Frederick Delius , English composer (b. 1862 )
- June 11 - Lev Vygotsky , Russian developmental psychologist (b. 1896 )
- June 30 - Kurt Von Schleicher , Chancellor Of Germany (b. 1882 )
- July 4 - Maria Skłodowska-Curie , Polish-born scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize In Chemistry and Physics (b. 1867 )
- July 8 - Benjamin Baillaud , French astronomer (b. 1848 )
- July 22 - John Dillinger , American criminal (b. 1903 )
- July 25 - François Coty , French perfume manufacturer (b. 1874 )
- July 25 - Englebert Dolfuss , Chancellor Of Austria (assassinated) (b. 1892 )
- July 25 - Nestor Makhno , Ukrainian anarchist (b. 1889 )
- July 26 - Winsor McCay , American comic creator and animator (b. 1871 )
- July 27 - Hubert Lyautey , Marshal of France (b. 1854 )
- July 28 - Marie Dressler , Canadian actress (b. 1868 )
- August 2 - Paul Von Hindenburg , German general and politician (b. 1847 )
- September 2 - Alcide Nunez , American musician (b. 1884 )
- October 17 - Santiago Ramón Y Cajal , Spanish histologist and neuroscientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize In Physiology Or Medicine (b. 1852 )
- November 2 - Edmond James De Rothschild , French philanthropist (b. 1845 )
- November 16 - Alice Liddell , English schoolgirl, inspiration for ''Alice's Adventures in Wonderland'' (b. 1852 )
- November 22 - Harry Steppe , Jewish Vaudeville performer, coined term " Top Banana ", wrote comedic material for The Three Stooges and Abbott And Costello (b. 1888 )
- December 1 - Sergei Kirov , Soviet leader (b. 1886 )
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