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(''' MCMXXIII ''') was a Common Year Starting On Monday (link will take you to calendar).
- December 12 - Po river dam bursts - 600 dead
- December 27 - Assassination attempt against the crown prince of Japan in Tokyo
- January 1 - Roméo Sabourin , Canadian World War II spy (d. 1944 )
- January 5 - Sam Phillips , American record producer (d. 2003 )
- January 6 - Jacobo Timerman , Argentine writer (d. 1999 )
- January 7 - Hugh Kenner , Canadian literary critic (d. 2003 )
- January 8 - Johnny Wardle , English cricketer (d. 1985 )
- January 16 - Anthony Hecht , American poet (d. 2004 )
- January 19 - Jean Stapleton , American actress
- January 23 - Stephanie Kwolek , Inventor of Kevlar fibers
- January 25 - Arvid Carlsson , Swedish scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize In Physiology Or Medicine
- January 26 - Anne Jeffreys , American actress
- January 29 - Paddy Chayefsky , American writer (d. 1981 )
- January 31 - Norman Mailer , American writer and journalist
- February 2 - James Dickey , American poet and author (d. 1997 )
- February 2 - Liz Smith , American gossip columnist
- February 9 - Brendan Behan , Irish author (d. 1964 )
- February 10 - Cesare Siepi , Italian opera singer
- February 12 - Franco Zeffirelli , Italian film and opera director
- February 13 - Yfrah Neaman , Lebanese-born violinist (d. 2003 )
- February 13 - Chuck Yeager , American pilot and NASA official
- February 20 - Forbes Burnham , President Of Guyana (d. 1985 )
- February 24 - David Soyer , American cellist
- February 27 - Dexter Gordon , American jazz saxophone player (d. 1990 )
- March 4 - Sir Patrick Moore , British astronomer and broadcaster
- March 6 - Ed McMahon , American television personality
- March 9 - Walter Kohn , Austrian-born physicist, recipient of the Nobel Prize In Chemistry
- March 10 - Val Logsdon Fitch , American nuclear physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
- March 12 - Wally Schirra , astronaut
- March 21 - Shri Mataji Nirmala Srivastava , Indian founder of Sahaja Yoga
- March 25 - Wim Van Est , Dutch cyclist (d. 2003 )
- March 26 - Bob Elliott , American comedian
- March 27 - Louis Simpson , Jamaican-born poet
- March 30 - Milton Acorn , Canadian writer (d. 1986 )
- April 2 - G. Spencer-Brown , British mathematician
- April 6 - Ramon Valdes , Mexican comedian
- April 8 - George Fisher , American political cartoonist (d. 2003 )
- April 8 - Edward Mulhare , Irish actor (d. 1997 )
- April 13 - Don Adams , American actor and comedian (d. 2005 )
- April 20 - Mother Angelica , American founder of the Eternal Word Television Network (EWTN)
- April 22 - Bettie Page , American model
- April 22 - Aaron Spelling , American television producer and writer
- April 23 - Dolph Briscoe , Governor of Texas
- April 30 - Al Lewis , American actor (d. 2006 )
- May 1 - Joseph Heller , American novelist (d. 1999 )
- May 2 - Patrick Hillery , President Of Ireland
- May 3 - Ralph Hall , American politician
- May 5 - Richard Wollheim , British philosopher (d. 2003 )
- May 7 - Anne Baxter , American actress (d. 1985 )
- May 13 - Bea Arthur , American actress
- May 15 - John Lanchbery , English composer (d. 2003 )
- May 16 - Merton Miller , American economist, Nobel Prize laureate
- May 18 - Hugh Shearer , Prime Minister Of Jamaica (d. 2004 )
- May 21 - Armand Borel , Swiss mathematician (d. 2003 )
- May 21 - Dorothy Hewett , writer (d. 2002 )
- May 21 - Ara Parseghian , American football coach
- May 26 - James Arness , American actor
- May 27 - Henry Kissinger , United States Secretary Of State , recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize
- May 28 - György Ligeti , Hungarian composer
- May 31 - Rainier III, Prince Of Monaco (d. 2005 )
- July 2 - Wislawa Szymborska , Polish writer, Nobel Prize laureate
- July 4 - Rudolf Friedrich , Swiss Federal Councilor
- July 8 - Harrison Dillard , American athlete
- July 18 - Jerome H. Lemelson , American inventor (d. 1997 )
- July 20 - Stanisław Albinowski , Polish economist and journalist (d. 2005 )
- July 21 - Rudolph A. Marcus , Canadian chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
- July 22 - Robert Joseph Dole , American politician and Presidential candidate
- July 22 - Mukesh , Indian singer (d. 1976 )
- July 23 - Witto Aloma , Cuban Major League Baseball player (d. 1997 )
- July 23 - Norma Zimmer , American singer, '' The Lawrence Welk Show '' Champagne Lady
- September 1 - Kenneth Roy Thomson, 2nd Baron Thomson Of Fleet , Canadian businessman and art collector
- September 1 - Rocky Marciano , American boxer (d. 1969 )
- September 3 - Mort Walker , American cartoonist
- September 6 - King Peter II Of Yugoslavia (d. 1970 )
- September 7 - Madeleine Dring , British composer and actress
- September 9 - Daniel Carleton Gajdusek , American virologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize In Physiology Or Medicine
- September 11 - Dharmsamrat Paramhans Swami Madhavananda , Indian guru (d. 2003 )
- September 17 - Hank Williams , American country musician (d. 1953 )
- September 20 - Geraldine Clinton Little , Irish-born poet (D. 1997
- September 22 - Dannie Abse , Welsh poet
- September 26 - Dev Anand , Indian actor
- November 1 - Victoria De Los Angeles , Catalan soprano (d. 2005 )
- November 1 - Gordon R. Dickson , Canadian author (d. 2001 )
- November 3 - Tomás Cardinal Ó Fiaich , Northern Irish clergyman (d. 1990 )
- November 8 - Jack Kilby , American electrical engineer, recipient of the Nobel Prize In Physics (d. 2005 )
- November 18 - Alan Shepard , American astronaut (d. 1998 )
- November 20 - Nadine Gordimer , South African writer, Nobel Prize laureate
- November 22 - Arthur Hiller , Canadian film director
- November 23 - Billy Haughton , American harness driver and trainer (d. 1986 )
- November 25 - Mauno Koivisto , President Of Finland
- December 2 - Maria Callas , Greek soprano (d. 1977 )
- December 12 - Bob Barker , American game show host
- December 13 - Philip Warren Anderson , American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate
- December 13 - Larry Doby , baseball player (d. 2003 )
- December 13 - Antoni Tàpies , Catalan painter
- December 14 - Gerard Reve , Dutch writer (d. 2006 )
- December 15 - Freeman Dyson , English-born physicist
- December 23 - Claudio Scimone , Italian conductor
- December 23 - James Stockdale , U.S. Navy admiral
- December 24 - George Patton IV , American general (d. 2004 )
- December 25 - Sonia Olschanezky , World War II heroine (d. 1944 )
- Michel-Joseph Maunoury , French general (b. 1847 )
- January 9 - Katherine Mansfield, British novelist (b. 1888)
- January 23 - Max Nordau , Hungarian author, philosopher, and Zionist leader (b. 1849 )
- February 10 - Wilhelm Röntgen , German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1845 )
- February 23 - Théophile Delcassé , French statesman (b. 1852 )
- March 8 - Johannes Diderik Van Der Waals , Dutch physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1837 )
- March 26 - Sarah Bernhardt , French actress (b. 1844 )
- March 27 - Sir James Dewar , Scottish chemist (b. 1842 )
- April 4 - John Venn , British mathematician (b. 1834 )
- April 5 - George Herbert, 5th Earl Of Carnarvon , English financier of Egyptian excavations (b. 1866 )
- June 9 - Princess Helena Of The United Kingdom (b. 1846 )
- August 2 - Warren G. Harding , 29th President Of The United States (b. 1865 )
- October 30 - Andrew Bonar Law , Prime Minister Of The United Kingdom (b. 1858)
- December 12 - Raymond Radiguet , French author (b. 1903 )
- December 13 - Théophile Steinlen , Swiss painter (b. 1859 )
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