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(''' MCMVI ''') was a Common Year Starting On Monday (see link for calendar).
following the earthquake on April 18]]
- January 8 - Landslide in Haverstraw, New York kills 20.
- January 31 - Earthquake in Ecuador (8.6 in Richter scale).
- February 11 - Pope Pius X publishes the encyclical ''Vehementer nos''.
- February 15 - Representatives of the Labour Representation Committee in the UK parliament take the name Parliamentary Labour Party .
- March 10 - Explosion In Coal Mine in Courrières , France kills 1060.
- March 15 - Rolls-Royce Ltd. is registered.
- March 18 - Traian Vuia flies a self-propelled heavier than air aircraft.
- April 7 - Mount Vesuvius erupts and devastates Naples .
- April 18 - 1906 San Francisco Earthquake on the San Andreas Fault destroys much of San Francisco, California , killing at least 3000. 225,000-300,000 left homeless. $350 million in damages. The estimated magnitude of the earthquake is 7.8.
- June 9 - June 10 - Riots in Stockholm , Ladugårsdgärden - 50 policemen injured.
- June 25 - New York playboy Harry K. Thaw shoots architect Stanford White .
- June 28 - July 6 - Crown Jewels Of Ireland stolen during this period.
- June 30 - United States Congress passes the Meat Inspection Act and Pure Food And Drug Act .
- July 12 - Alfred Dreyfus , a Jewish army officer hastily and wrongly convicted of treason in 1899, is exonerated. He is reinstalled in the French Army July 21 , ending the " Dreyfus Affair " that exposed Anti-Semitism in French society.
- August 23 - Unable to control a rebellion in the newly-formed Cuban republic, Pres. Tomás Estrada Palma requests U.S. intervention.
- September 5 - Brandbury Robinson throws the first legal forward pass in an American football game.
- September 18 - Typhoon with Tsunami kills an estimated 10,000 persons in Hong Kong .
- September 22 - Race Riots in Atlanta, Georgia . At least 21 people are killed and the black-owned business district is severely damaged.
- October 1 - The Madeira School , a private boarding school for girls, opens with twenty-eight students attending classes in two buildings on 19th Street just off Dupont Circle in downtown Washington, DC .
- October 11 - San Francisco public school board sparks United States diplomatic crisis with Japan by ordering Japanese students to be taught in racially segregated schools.
- October 16 - The Captain Of Köpenick fools a city hall in Köpenick by impersonating a Prussia n officer.
- October 23 - Aeroplane of Alberto Santos-Dumont takes off on Bagatelle in France and flies 60 meters (200 feet).
- October 28 - Creation of the Union Minière Du Haut Katanga , a Belgian mining trust in Congo.
- November 3 - SOS becomes an international distress signal.
- November 9 - US President Theodore Roosevelt leaves for a trip to Panama to inspect the construction progress of the Panama Canal (this was the first time a sitting President Of The United States made an official trip outside of the United States ).
- November 22 - Russian Prime Min. Peter Stolypin introduces Agrarian Reforms aimed at creating a large class of land-owning peasants.
- December 4 - Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity , the first intercollegiate Greek-letter Fraternity established for African Americans , was founded at Cornell University .
- December 6 - Politic creation of district of Chimbote .
- December 10 - Pres. Theodore Roosevelt is awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his role in negotiating peace in the Russo-Japanese War ( 1905 ).
- December 24 - Reginald Fessenden makes the first Radio broadcast: a poetry reading, a violin solo, and a speech.
- December 26 - The world's first feature film, " The Story Of The Kelly Gang ", is released.
- December 30 - The All-India Muslim League , a political organization that represented the interests of Indian Muslims, is formed.
- April 1 - Alexander Sergeyevich Yakovlev , Russian engineer and airplane designer (d. 1989 )
- April 4 - John Cameron Swayze , American journalist (d. 1995 )
- April 9 - Antal Dorati , Hungarian conductor (d. 1988 )
- April 13 - Samuel Beckett , Irish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1989 )
- April 23 - Philip Rood Wheeler , Inventor and Social Activist celebrating his 100th Birthday
- April 25 - William J. Brennan , U.S. Supreme Court Justice (d. 1997 )
- April 28 - Kurt Gödel , logician, mathematician, and philosopher of mathematics (d. 1978 )
- April 28 - Paul Sacher , Swiss conductor (d. 1999 )
- May 3 - Mary Astor , Academy Award -winning U.S. actress (d. 1987 )
- May 3 - Anna E. Roosevelt , first child of Eleanor Roosevelt and Franklin D. Roosevelt (d. 1975 )
- May 6 - André Weil , French mathematician (d. 1998 )
- May 8 - Roberto Rossellini , Italian director (d. 1977 )
- May 11 - Jacqueline Cochran , pioneer U.S aviatrix (d. 1980 )
- May 12 - Maurice Ewing , U.S. geophysicist and oceanographer (d. 1974 )
- May 15 - Humberto Delgado , Portuguese general and politician (d. 1965 )
- May 16 - Alfred Pellan , Canadian painter (d. 1988 )
- May 16 - Arturo Uslar-Pietri , Venezuelan writer (d. 2001 )
- May 17 - Zinka Milanov , Croatian-born soprano (d. 1989 )
- May 20 - Giuseppe Cardinal Siri , Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church (d. 1989 )
- May 23 - Allan Scott (screenwriter) , U.S. screenwriter (d. 1995 )
- May 23 - Lucha Reyes (Mexican Singer) , Mexican singer (d. 1944 )
- May 23 - Willis Hudlin , Major League Baseball pitcher (d. 2002 )
- May 27 - Buddhadasa Bhikkhu, Buddhist monk (d. 1993 )
- May 28 - Phil Regan , American actor (d. 1996 )
- May 29 - T. H. White , British writer (d. 1964 )
- June 3 - Josephine Baker , American actress (d. 1975 )
- June 4 - Ivan Knunyants , Soviet chemist (d. 1990 )
- June 6 - Max August Zorn , German-born U.S. mathematician (d. 1993 )
- June 7 - Glen Gray , American saxophonist (d. 1963 )
- June 15 - Léon Degrelle , Belgian fascist (d. 1994 )
- June 19 - Ernst Boris Chain , German-born biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize In Physiology Or Medicine (d. 1979 )
- June 20 - Catherine Cookson , English author (d. 1998 )
- June 20 - Robert Trent Jones , English-born golf course designer (d. 2000 )
- June 22 - Anne Morrow Lindbergh , American author and aviator (d. 2001 )
- June 22 - Billy Wilder , screenwriter, film director and producer (d. 2002 )
- June 24 - Pierre Fournier , French cellist (d. 1986 )
- June 28 - Maria Goeppert-Mayer , German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1972 )
- July 1 - Estée Lauder , American cosmetics entrepreneur (d. 2004 )
- July 2 - Hans Bethe , German-born physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 2005 )
- July 2 - Oleg Antonov , Soviet aircraft designer (d. 1984 )
- July 7 - William Feller , Croatian-American mathematician (d. 1970 )
- July 11 - Herbert Wehner , German politician (d. 1990 )
- July 18 - S. I. Hayakawa , English professor and academic, United States Senator (d. 1992 )
- July 23 - Vladimir Prelog , Croatian chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1998 )
- July 25 - José Figueres Ferrer , served as President of Costa Rica, (d. 1990 )
- December 5 - Otto Preminger , Austrian-born film director (d. 1986 )
- December 6 - Ahn Eak-tae , Korean composer of classical music (d. 1965 )
- December 9 - Grace Hopper , U.S. computer scientist and naval officer (d. 1992 )
- December 17 - William McChesney Martin, Jr. , ninth Chairman of the United States Federal Reserve (d. 1986 )
- December 19 - Leonid Brezhnev , politician, leader of the Soviet Union 1964 to 1982 (d. 1982 )
- December 25 - Ernst Ruska , German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1988 )
- December 27 - Andreas Feininger , photographer (d. 1999 )
- December 27 - Oscar Levant , U.S. pianist, composer, author, comedian, and actor (d. 1972 )
- January 29 - King Christian IX Of Denmark (b. 1818 )
- February 9 - Paul Laurence Dunbar , American poet and publisher (b. 1872 )
- February 27 - Samuel Pierpont Langley , American astronomer, physicist, and aeronautics pioneer (b. 1834 )
- March 13 - Susan B. Anthony , American civil rights and women's suffrage activist (b. 1820 )
- March 29 - Slava Raskaj , Croatian painter (b. 1877 )
- April 6 - Alexander Kielland , Norwegian author (b. 1849 )
- April 11 - Francis Pharcellus Church , American editor and publisher (b. 1839 )
- April 19 - Pierre Curie , French physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1859 )
- April 24 - Mary Hunt , American Temperance Movement leader (b. 1830 )
- May 14 - Carl Schurz , German revolutionary and American statesman (b. 1829 )
- May 23 - Henrik Ibsen , Norwegian playwright (b. 1828 )
- September 5 - Ludwig Boltzmann , Austrian physicist (b. 1844 )
- October 22 - Paul Cézanne , French painter (b. 1839 )
- December 7 - Élie Ducommun , Swiss journalist and activist, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1833 )
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