16th Century

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As a means of recording the passage of Time , the 16th century was that Century which lasted from 1501 to 1600 .

''See also:'' 16th Century In Literature


EVENTS



1500s

• disappears.


• rules Iran until 1736 .


• begins painting the '' Mona Lisa '' and completes it three or four years later.


• marks the beginning of Portuguese dominance of the Spice Trade .

1510s

• halts Muscovy's expansion into Eastern Europe.


• wrests Eastern Anatolia from the Safavids after the Battle Of Chaldiran .


• defeat the Mamluk s and gain control of Egypt , Arabia , and the Levant .


• begins when Martin Luther posts his 95 Theses in Saxony .


• leads the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire .

1520s

• marks the zenith of the Ottoman Empire .


• is captured by the Ottoman Empire.


• Gains Independence from the Kalmar Union .


• in the Holy Roman Empire .


• at the Battle Of Mohács .


• , founded by Babur , rules India until 1857 .


• is considered the end of the Italian Renaissance .


• marks the Ottoman Empire's furthest advance into Europe.

]]


1530s

• breaks away from the Roman Catholic Church and recognizes King Henry VIII as the head of the Church.


• leads the Spanish Conquest Of The Inca Empire .


• claims Quebec for France.


• .

1540s

• begins after Portuguese traders make contact with Japan .

1550s

• .


• .


• is the first major English Joint Stock trading company.


• in China is history's deadliest known earthquake.


• .


• expands the Mughal Empire in a series of conquests.


• is considered the height of the English Renaissance .


• between Poland, Sweden, Denmark and Russia.


• loses Calais to France.


• , the Italian Wars conclude.

1560s

• between Catholics and Huguenot s.


• between Spain and the Netherlands .


• in Japan.


• is created with the Union Of Lublin which lasts until 1795 .

1570s

• Circles The World and claims California for England.

1580s

• , the Portuguese Empire comes to an end and the Spanish and Portuguese crowns are United for 60 years.


• conquers the Siberia Khanate on behalf of the Stroganovs .


• , many of its merchants fled to Amsterdam .


• is fought on both sides of the Atlantic.


• .


• .

1590s

• , repels two Japanese invasions during the Seven-Year War .


• .


• chartered.

SIGNIFICANT PEOPLE

.]]

• Henry VII Of England , founder of the Tudor Dynasty . Introduced ruthlessly efficient mechanisms of taxation which restored the kingdom after a state of virtual Bankruptcy due to the effects of the Wars Of The Roses ( 1457 - 1509 ).


• Zygmunt I The Old , King of Poland, established a conscription army and the bureaucracy needed to finance it ( 1467 - 1548 ).


• György Dózsa , leader of the peasants' revolt in Hungary ( 1470 - 1514 )


• Nicolaus Copernicus , developed the Heliocentric ( Sun -centered) Theory using Scientific methods ( 1473 - 1543 ).


• Michelangelo Buonarroti , Italian painter and sculptor ( 1475 - 1564 ).


• Thomas More , English politician and author ( 1478 - 1535 ).


• Martin Luther , German religious reformer ( 1483 - 1546 ).


• Hernán Cortés , Spanish Conquistador ( 1485 - 1547 ).


• King Henry VIII Of England , founder of Anglicanism ( 1491 - 1547 ).


• Ignatius Of Loyola , founder of the Society Of Jesus ( 1491 - 1556 ).


• François Rabelais , French author (c. 1493 - 1553 ).


• King Francis I Of France , considered the first Renaissance monarch of his Kingdom ( 1494 - 1547 ).


• Suleiman The Magnificent , Sultan of the Ottoman Empire . Conqueror and legal reformer ( 1494 - 1566 ).


• Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor and the first to reign as King Of Spain . Involved in almost constant conflict with France and the Ottoman Empire while promoting the Spanish Colonization Of The Americas ( 1500 - 1558 ).


• Cuauhtémoc , the last Tlatoani of the Aztec , led the native resistance against the Conquistador es ( 1502 - 1525 ).


• Michel Nostradamus , French astrologer and doctor, author of Les Propheties , a book of world prophecies ( 1503 - 1566 ).


• Mikolaj Rej , Polish writer ( 1505 - 1569 ).


• Ahmad Ibn Ibrihim Al-Ghazi , Somali Imam and general ( 1507 - 1543 ).


• John Calvin , theologian, and reformer. Founder of Calvinism ( 1509 - 1564 ).

.]]

• Mary I Of England . Attempted to counter the Protestant Reformation in her domains. Nick-named Bloody Mary for her Religious Persecution ( 1516 - 1558 ).


• Luís De Camões , Portuguese poet (c. 1524 – 1580 ).


• Pierre De Ronsard , French poet. Called the 'Prince of poets' of his generation. ( 1524 – 1585 ).


• Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina , Italian Composer ( 1525 - 1594 )


• King Philip II Of Spain , self-proclaimed leader of Counter-Reformation ( 1527 - 1598 ).


• Ivan IV Of Russia , first Russian Tsar ( 1533 - 1584 ).


• William The Silent , William I of Orange-Nassau , main leader of the Dutch revolt against the Spanish ( 1533 - 1584 ).


• Michel De Montaigne , French essayist ( 1533 – 1592 ).


• Elizabeth I Of England , central figure of the Elizabethan Era ( 1533 - 1603 ).


• Oda Nobunaga , Daimyo of the Sengoku Period of Japan ese Civil War . First ruler of the Azuchi-Momoyama Period ( 1534 - 1582 ).


• Toyotomi Hideyoshi , Daimyo of the Sengoku Period of Japan ese Civil War . Second ruler of the Azuchi-Momoyama Period ( 1536 - 1598 ).


• Edward VI Of England , notable for further differentiating Anglicanism from the practices of the Roman Catholic Church ( 1537 - 1553 ).


• Lady Jane Grey , Queen Regnant of England and Ireland . Notably deposed by popular Revolt ( 1537 - 1554 ).


• Mary I Of Scotland , First female head of the House Of Stuart ( 1542 - 1587 ).


• Admiral Yi Sun-sin , respected as one of the greatest Admirals and military leaders in world history. ( 1545 - 1598 ).


• Miguel De Cervantes , Spanish author ( 1547 - 1616 ).


• Giordano Bruno , Italian philosopher and astronomer/astrologer ( 1548 - 1600 ).


• King Henry IV Of France and Navarre , ended the French Wars Of Religion and reunited the kingdom under his command ( 1553 - 1610 ).


• Lope De Vega , Spanish dramatist ( 1562 – 1635 ).


• Christopher Marlowe , English poet and dramatist ( 1564 – 1593 ).


• William Shakespeare , English author ( 1564 - 1616 ).


• John Donne , English Metaphysical Poet ( 1572 - 1631 )


• Miyamoto Musashi , famous warrior in Japan , author of The Book Of Five Rings , a treatise on Strategy and martial combat. ( 1584 - 1645 )


• John Ford , English dramatist ( 1586 - c. 1640 ).

INVENTIONS, DISCOVERIES, INTRODUCTIONS

List Of 16th Century Inventions

• The Columbian Exchange introduces many plants, animals and diseases to the Old and New World s.


• Introduction of the Spinning Wheel revolutionizes Textile production in Europe.


• Modern Square Root symbol (√ )


• The letter J is introduced into the English alphabet.


• Copernicus publishes his theory that the Earth and the other planets revolve around the Sun ( 1543 )


• Gregorian Calendar adopted by Catholic countries ( 1582 )


• sights Florida and Vasco Núñez De Balboa sights the eastern edge of the Pacific Ocean .


• and Juan Sebastián Elcano lead the first Circumnavigation of the World.


• sights the Grand Canyon .


• sails the length of the Amazon River .


• in Florence by Jacopo Peri

DECADES AND YEARS